Missouri Supreme Court · 1990
State v. Milliorn
Odor-based probable cause rests on your credibility. The trial judge disbelieved a trooper who said he smelled raw marijuana from inside a pickup cab, and the Supreme Court deferred. The State also could not save the search as an inevitable inventory, because no one testified to the agency's routine inventory procedures.
794 S.W.2d 181
Find the opinion for State v. MilliornMissouri Supreme Court · 2005
State v. Pike
Twice drifting a foot over the fog line onto the shoulder with no obstruction, plus following another car at about one car length, gave reasonable suspicion of a traffic violation and justified the stop. Missouri also recognizes that a stop can rest on erratic or unusual driving even without a completed violation.
162 S.W.3d 464 (Mo. banc 2005)
Find the opinion for State v. PikeMissouri Supreme Court · 2011
State v. Grayson
A bare, uncorroborated anonymous tip won't justify a stop — and the second your suspicion is dispelled (wrong person, wrong vehicle, no violation), the detention must end. A prior arrest record is not reasonable suspicion.
336 S.W.3d 138 (Mo. banc 2011)
Find the opinion for State v. GraysonEach summary was checked against the court’s majority opinion on September 30, 2026. Read the decision and follow your agency’s policy; this is reference guidance, not legal advice.